Monday, March 19, 2012
Thursday, March 15, 2012
The Making of Paper.
To make paper you need the source in which in make it with: trees. Once you have your trees, you first have to decipher whether it's hardwood or softwood. Paper made from hardwood is generally weaker then that made of softwood, yet the surface is smoother and easier to write or print on because hardwood has shorter fibers. Softwood has longer fibers and the paper made is stronger, the surface is much rougher and not as easy to write or print on; softwood paper is generally used for packaging items as it has more strength. Hard and soft wood can be combined to get a mix of hard-soft quality.
Most trees are harvested from a tree farm, then taken to a paper company. When they arrive they are treated to remove away all the dirt and substances. After being washed they are then chipped in to smaller pieces, and separated according to size to be made into pulp. When the chips are being made into pulp, the individual fibers separate from all the rest. When the wood is pulped it looks like a big wad of watery mush.
To make paper, the water must be removed from the mushy solution. Generally water is removed by spraying the solution on a wiry screen, where the water then can drip out of the solution, leaving the fibers on the screen where they begin to mend into a thin layer. The layer of fibers is then squished between to felt covered rollers so more water may be removed and absorbed in the felt, leaving about 60% of the water still in the solution. Huge cylinders are then heated by steam, and the fibers are then passed through the hot rollers. Heating and drying the fibers causes them to eventually turn from pulp to paper, where it's then moved to a machine called the "calender" that presses the paper smooth and to the set thickness. After drying a bit more it's ready for use and shipped out to the store at which you buy your paper.
And thus the making of paper from trees is described to you.
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